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保健食品有甚麼功效 (一)？
保健食品有甚麼功效 (一)？
曾耀源
(廠商會檢定中心)
「保健食品」五花八門，而且有不同的名稱，例如膳食補充品、營養補充劑、處方食品、功能食品及天然健康食品等。視乎產品所含的成分，在香港出售的「保健食品」會受到西藥、中藥及/或食品有關條例規管。然而，保健食品的功效陳述會否過於誇張或失實呢？對於保健食品功能宣稱的監管，香港目前只規定預先包裝食物(包括保健食品)的標籤和宣傳品上的營養素功能聲稱必須符合法定準則，以及不能作出虛假陳述。
內地保健食品的功能範圍
相比之下，內地對保健食品的管理較為詳細。例如中國保健食品可分為特定保健功能的食品和營養素補充劑；國家食品藥品監督管理局更訂明保健食品可申報的27種功能範圍。此外，同一配方的保健食品，最多允許申報2個功能。
若要申報的保健功能不在已公布27種範圍內，申請人須要自行進行動物試驗和人體試食試驗，並向指定的檢驗機構提供功能研發報告。
保健功能1－增強免疫力
據統計，大部份國產保健食品的保健功能為 “增強免疫力”。能增強免疫力功能的物質 (又稱免疫增強劑) 主要包括：
1) 礦物質：如鐵、硒、鋅等；
2) 中藥：如黃芪、當歸、白芍、女貞子、枸杞等；
3) 免疫佐劑：如蜂膠等；
4) 微生物製劑：如蝙蝠蛾擬青霉菌粉；
5) 維生素：如維生素E、維生素A等；
6) 其他：蛋白質、氨基酸和核酸製劑等。
在眾多增強免疫力功能的原料中，中藥是品種最多的一類。不同的中藥影響機體免疫功能的途徑亦不一樣：
(資料來源：樓鳴紅, 2013 <<保健食品27般武藝>>)
下期再為大家介紹其他的功能宣稱及用來製作保健食品的原料。
