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新加坡使用“更健康選擇標籤”
新加坡使用“更健康選擇標籤”
曾耀源
(廠商會檢定中心)
因為進食預先包裝食物而攝入過量營養素可嚴重影響健康(例如肥胖症和糖尿病)。為解決這問題，很多國家已推行強制性營養標籤制度，幫助消費者作出有依據的食物選擇。
在香港，法例 (第132W章) 規定大部分預先包裝食物須標示食物的能量及七種核心營養素，包括蛋白質、碳水化合物、總脂肪、飽和脂肪、反式脂肪、鈉和糖（即“1+7”）的含量，以及營養聲稱提及的營養素。
然而，有調查指教育程度較低的消費者難以理解營養素含量數值的意義和用處。這會令他們使用營養標籤資料的意欲降低和未能選擇合適的食物。
事實上，香港人使用營養標籤的情況不算普遍，亦被認為較歐美和新加坡等國家為低。
新加坡採用“更健康選擇標籤”
有調查發現新加坡人對營養標籤甚感興趣和經常使用相關資訊。箇中原因可能是新加坡的預先包裝食品除按法例要求列明指定營養素的含量外，還可附加一個“更健康選擇標籤” (Healthier Choice Symbol, HCS)。
(Health Promotion Board, 2012)
HCS標籤簡潔易明地顯示該食品的健康程度。印有標籤的食品會被視作“較健康選擇”，例如總脂肪、飽和脂肪、鈉和糖的含量較同類型食品為低；而膳食纖維和鈣的含量則較同類型食品為高。這有助消費者在超市購物時快速辨識哪一款食物較為健康。
該標籤由新加坡保健促進局(隸屬於新加坡政府衛生部)負責核准，是新加坡營養標籤計劃的一部份。
符合特定的營養素條件
若食物要獲得HCS標籤, 其營養素含量必須符合適用於其食物類別的限值要求。例如，HCS標籤的麵包 (相比起普通麵包)不能含有反式脂肪、每100克食物不超過450毫克的鈉 (即較低鈉)和每100克食物至少含有3克膳食纖維 (即較高纖)。
更健康選擇標籤(AVA, 2015)
各類食品設有營養素限值要求，並且符合作出營養聲稱 (例如營養含量聲稱 - “低糖”及營養比較聲稱 - “含較低飽和脂肪”) 時需達到的條件。
比較HCS 標籤與海外標籤
在新加坡，一些預先包裝食品上亦可能印有海外機構發出的較健康食品標籤。相比之下，新加坡HCS採用不同的營養素評核標準並且切合新加坡人民的飲食習慣，因此較值得參考。事實上，新加坡人現時對HCS標籤食物的認知和信心，遠較其他海外標籤食物為高。這當然要歸功於新加坡政府大力宣傳HCS計劃，教育市民和解釋背後依據。
供鏡新加坡
在香港，有食品公司會以文字方式在預先包裝食品上作營養聲稱，例如 “低糖”、“含較多鈣” 和 “含較少飽和脂肪”等。然而，市面上卻沒有為大眾市民熟識和有代表性的較健康選擇標籤。
因此，筆者建議香港參考新加坡的做法，為預先包裝食品加上有代表性的HCS標籤。這能補足營養素含量數值或文字聲稱，可促使消費者使用營養標籤。
當然這計劃不一定由政府部門負責，亦可由第三方認證機構批核和發出HCS標籤。大前提當然是評核必須公正和符合營養素限值要求；以及在認可實驗室以國際認可方法檢測。
